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SUSTAINABILITY JOURNEY HOW WE ARE GOVERNED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 305

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021

3 SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
(s) Employee benefits

(i) Short-term employee benefits
Wages, salaries, bonuses and social security contributions are recognised as expenses in the year in which the
associated services are rendered by employees. Short term accumulating compensated absences such as paid
annual leave are recognised when services are rendered by employees that increase their entitlement to future
compensated absences. Short term non-accumulating compensated absences such as sick leave are recognised
when the absences occur.
(ii) Defined contribution plan
Defined contribution plans are post-employment benefit plans under which the Group pays fixed contributions
into separate entities or funds and will have no legal or constructive obligation to pay further contributions if any
of the funds do not hold sufficient assets to pay all employee benefits relating to employee services in the current
and preceding financial years. Such contributions are recognised as an expense in profit or loss as incurred.
(iii) Termination benefits
The Group pays termination benefits in cases of termination of employment within the framework of the
restructuring. Termination benefits are recognised as a liability and an expense when the Group has a detailed
formal plan for the termination and is without realistic possibility of withdrawal.
(t) Equity instruments
Ordinary shares are classified as equity.

The transaction costs of an equity transaction are accounted for as a deduction from equity, net of tax.
Equity transaction costs comprise only those incremental external costs directly attributable to the equity transaction
which would otherwise have been avoided.
(u) Contingent liabilities
The Group does not recognise a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements. A contingent
liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence
and non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Group or a present obligation
that is not recognised because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation.
A contingent liability also arises in the extremely rare case where there is a liability that cannot be recognised because
it cannot be measured reliably. However contingent liabilities do not include financial guarantee contracts.
(v) Segment reporting
Segment information is presented in a manner that is consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief
operating decision-maker. The chief operating decision-maker, who is responsible for allocating resources and assessing
performance of the operating segments, has been identified as the Group Chief Executive Officer.